Analytical Sciences

Magnetic Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Using Recycled-graphite for GO-Fe₃O₄-dithizone Composite Combined with FAAS for Determination of Lead in Environmental Samples

Pilaipan CHAIKHAN,* Yuthapong UDNAN,* Richmond J. AMPIAH-BONNEY,*** and Wipharat CHUACHUAD CHAIYASITH*,**

*Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
**Center of Excellence in Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
***Department of Chemistry, A205 Science Center, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002-5000, USA

Magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MdSPE) was developed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb) in real water samples, while graphene oxide-magnetite-dithizone (GO-Fe₃O₄-DTZ) from the used graphite tubes (recycled graphite) of electrothermal technique was simply employed as a new sorbent to improve extraction efficiency, separated by external magnetic field and analyzed with FAAS. The synthesized sorbent was evaluated for its surface property, functional group and surface morphology by Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The relevant measurement parameters, such as pH, extraction time, type and concentration of eluent, sample volume and reusability, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, preconcentration factor was 13.33. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) obtained were 0.070 and 0.23 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) was 3.41%. Recovery values were 90.1 – 123%. In addition, the robustness of the method was affirmed in terms of tolerance limit obtained from interference studies.

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