Analytical Sciences

Determination of Sub-ppb Cadmium in Urine by Solid-Phase Extraction and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

Yoshihiro SUZUKI,* Yoko ENDO,* Masanori OGAWA,* Michiko MATSUDA,* Yoshiaki NAKAJIMA,* Nobuhiko ONDA,* Motoki IWASAKI,** and Shoichiro TSUGANE**

*Research Center for Occupational Poisoning, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Japan Labour Health and Welfare Organization, 4-13-21 Ohmori-minami, Ohta, Tokyo 143-0013, Japan
**Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan

In order to determine low levels of Cd in urine samples, we tried to remove Mo interference using ICP-MS with a dynamic reaction-cell technique, but failed due to the low sensitivity and the variance with the standards. We then performed solid-phase extraction (SPE) before the ICP-MS measurement. A commercially available chelating resin, NOBIAS PA-1, was used for SPE, and could effectively remove Mo from urine samples, permitting the accurate determination of Cd by ICP-MS. This SPE-ICP-MS method gave 0.012 µg Cd L^-1 as the method limit of quantification, and the mean recovery of Cd spiked with 0.0505 and 5.05 µg L^-1 was 93.1 and 97.6%, respectively.

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