Analytical Sciences

Rapid Separation and Determination of Process-Related Substances of Paracetamol Using Reversed-Phase HPLC with Photo Diode Array as a Detector

R. NAGESWARA RAO and A. NARASARAJU

HPLC/UV Group, Division of Analytical Chemistry, Discovery Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India

A simple and rapid gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous separation and determination of paracetamol and its related compounds in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulations has been developed. As many as nine process impurities and one degradation product of paracetamol have been separated on a Symmetry C₁₈ column (4.6 × 250 mm i.d., particle size 5 µm) with gradient elution using 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile as mobile phase and photo diode array detection at 215 nm. The chromatographic behavior of all the compounds was examined under variable compositions of different solvents, temperatures, buffer concentrations and pH values. The correlation coefficients for calibration curves for paracetamol as well as impurities were in the range of 0.9951 - 0.9994. The proposed RP-LC method was successfully applied to the analysis of commercial formulations; the recoveries of paracetamol were in the range of 99 - 101%. The method could be of use not only for rapid and routine evaluation of the quality of paracetamol in bulk drug manufacturing units but also for detection of its impurities in pharmaceutical formulations.

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