Analytical Sciences

Large-Volume Injection Electrothermal AAS Combined with Tungsten-treated Pyrolytic Graphite Furnace: Determination of Cadmium in Tap, Snow and River Water Samples with Phosphate Modifier

Shoji IMAI,* Satoshi ISHIKAWA,* Yoichi KIKUCHI,** and Akira YONETANI***

*Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
**Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
***Hitachi Sciencesystems Co. Ltd., Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8504, Japan

A large-volume (100 µl) injection-ETAAS with W-treated PG furnace combined with a phosphate modifier was applied to the determination of unpolluted levels of Cd in tap, snow and river-water samples. The limit of detection of 1.1 ng l^-1 was observed for a 4 w/v% NH₄H₂PO₄ modifer. Matrix interference studies were tested for major ion species well found in fresh water. The direct determination of Cd in certified river water (12 ± 2 ng l^-1) was carried out and the observed value was in agreement with the certified one. The good recoveries of Cd added to real environmental water samples were also observed. This method was applied to the determination of Cd in unpolluted environmental water samples.

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