Analytical Sciences

Determination of Cadmium and Lead in Tap Water by Graphite- Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Preconcentration on a Finely Divided Ion-Exchange Resin as the Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate Complexes

Katsunori ANEZAKI, Xueze CHEN, Tamotsu OGASAWARA, Isoshi NUKATSUKA and Kunio OHZEKI *

Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036, Japan

A rapid and simple preconcentration method based on the combined use of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) and a finely divided anion-exchange resin has been described for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium and lead by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Cadmium- and lead-APDC complexes were extracted simultaneously on the resin at pH 6. The resin particles holding the cadmium- and lead-APDC complexes were separated by filtration and dispersed in 1.0 ml of 0.1 mol l -1 hydrochloric acid containing 100 mg of palladium(II). The resulting suspension was introduced directly into the graphite furnace by an automatic sampler. The detection limits of cadmium and lead in a 150-ml sample aliquot were 0.17 and 5.7 ng l -1 , respectively, based on three-times the standard deviation of blank values. The proposed method was applied to the determination of nanograms per liter levels of cadmi-um and lead in tap water. (Keywords: Cadmium, lead, tap water, ion-exchange resin, graphite-furnace atomic absortpion spectrometry)

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